This paper reviews methods used in Toxic Tort Litigation to examine alleged loss of value for properties proximate to buildings suffering environmental disamenities. These methods build on standard mass appraisal methods, use traditional assumptions regarding probability distributions, and introduce new techniques that make efficient use of the appraisal results. The goal of this article is to demonstrate that reasonable procedures with common-sense appeal can prevail even when standard analytic or econometric techniques fail. Care in reducing the problem to an elemental level, buttressed by minimal assumptions, leads to results that can be understood and readily accepted.
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A manufacturer of liquid energy drinks filed suit against another manufacturer of liquid energy drinks, claiming that the shape and type on the bottles of the defendant caused confusion among potential purchasers.
A case involving claims of lost sales, due to the deceptive reporting of prices and bait-and-switch.
